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Bruce Willis is one of the most iconic movie stars and action heroes of all time. While best known for his role as John McClane in the Die Hard series, the actor also earned acclaim for roles in films like Pulp Fiction,12 Monkeys, and The Sixth Sense. Now 67, Willis is stepping away from his acting career after being diagnosed with a serious cognitive condition. Read on to learn more about the symptoms and prognosis of aphasia, and why Willis has been forced to retire.

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In an Instagram post on March 30, Rumer Willis—the daughter of Bruce Willis and actor Demi Moore—posted an update on her father's health and career. "To Bruce's amazing supporters, as a family we wanted to share that our beloved Bruce has been experiencing some health issues and has recently been diagnosed with aphasia, which is impacting his cognitive abilities," Rumer wrote. "As a result of this and with much consideration Bruce is stepping away from the career that has meant so much to him."

While the post does not include further details on Willis' health or prognosis, it goes on to say, "This is a really challenging time for our family and we are so appreciative of your continued love, compassion and support. We are moving through this as a strong family unit, and wanted to bring his fans in because we know how much he means to you, as you do to him."

The statement is credited to the entire Willis-Moore family: Emma, Demi, Rumer, Scout, Tallulah, Mabel, and Evelyn.

So, what is aphasia? According to the Cleveland Clinic, aphasia is a disorder that inhibits the brain's ability to process language, meaning the person suffering from the condition often has trouble speaking and understanding other people's speech. That having been said, aphasia can manifest in a number of different ways, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe.

Per the Cleveland Clinic, "Some people with aphasia have difficulty in only one area of communication, such as trouble putting words together into meaningful sentences, trouble reading, or difficulty understanding what others are saying. More commonly, people with aphasia are limited in more than one communication area. Nearly all patients with aphasia have word-finding difficulties—that is, coming up with the correct name of persons, places, things, or events."

The Mayo Clinic provides a list of the signs of aphasia to look out for on its website. A person with aphasia might "speak in short or incomplete sentences, speak in sentences that don't make sense, substitute one word for another or one sound for another, speak unrecognizable words, not understand other people's conversation, [and] write sentences that don't make sense."

More specifically, the Cleveland Clinic notes there are subtler symptoms to look out for, such as mixing up sounds for words (they use the example of "wog dalker" instead of "dog walker") and leaving out small articles and prepositions (like "the" and "and") when speaking.

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As the Cleveland Clinic explains, aphasia is typically brought on by a stroke. Per the American Stroke Association, aphasia is "most often caused by strokes in the left side of the brain that control speech and language." Aphasia is often regarded as one of the first signs of a stroke, and according to WebMD, 1 in 3 people have trouble with language after having a stroke.

Aphasia can also be caused by a head injury, the Cleveland Clinic notes, or as the result of cognitive decline from a brain tumor, brain surgery, or a neurological disorder like dementia. A 2018 study published in the journal Materia Sociomedica found that, "Language difficulties are a major problem for most patients with dementia, especially as the disease progresses and goes from moderate to severe stage. Early signs that communication of a person with dementia is affected are the difficulties of word finding, especially when naming people or objects."

The Alzheimer's Society says that the condition often manifests in patients putting words in the wrong order or using words that don't make sense, which are typical forms of aphasia.AE0FCC31AE342FD3A1346EBB1F342FCB.

Ang pamilyang Willis ay hindi nagsabi kung ano ang naging sanhi ng aphasia ni Bruce Willis, tanging ang kalagayan ay "nakakaapekto sa kanyang mga kakayahan sa pag-iisip."

Ang pagbawi mula sa aphasia ay depende sa maraming mga kadahilanan, kabilang ang sanhi ng kondisyon. Tulad ng ipinaliwanag ng teknolohiya ng wika ng Lingraphica, "ang bawat tao ay iba. Ang ilang mga tao ay magkakaroon ng isangkumpletong paggaling. Ang ilang mga tao ay halos nakabawi, ngunit nahihirapan pa rin na isipin ang tamang salita kung minsan. Ang iba ay laging may aphasia ngunit maaaring patuloy na mapabuti. Ang mabuting balita ay ang mga tao ay maaaring magpatuloy sa pagkuha ng mas mahusay para sa mga taon matapos silang makakuha ng aphasia. "

Ayon sa Cleveland Clinic, ang pagbabala para sa pagbawi mula sa Aphasia ay may maraming kinalaman sa dahilan at lawak ng pinsala sa utak, kasama ang edad at kalusugan ng pasyente sa pangkalahatan. Kung ang aphasia ay sanhi ng isang stroke-tulad ng kadalasan ang kaso- "Kung minsan ang mga kakayahan ng wika ay bumalik sa normal sa loob ng ilang oras o araw," ngunit ang iba ay nagdurusa sa mga paghihirap ng wika na magkakaiba-iba para sa natitirang bahagi ng kanilang buhay.

Sa kasamaang palad, kung ang aphasia ay sanhi ng isang neurological kondisyon tulad ng demensya, ang kondisyon ay hindi mapabuti. "Ang mga kasanayan sa wika at komunikasyon ay patuloy na tanggihan sa paglipas ng panahon," sabi ng Cleveland Clinic. "Walang lunas para sa demensya. Ang kasalukuyang mga inaprubahang gamot ay nagpapabagal lamang sa pag-unlad ng mga sintomas."

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